Turbocharging
101 - Page 2
by: qksl2
Something not absolutely proven with Saturns, but
commonly used among turbo Honda owners is a simple AFC or AFR with
larger injectors. An AFC is a fuel computer by Apex, as the AFR
is the same by HKS. Both modify the map signal to the computer so
that you can adjust the injector pulse width at certain RPM points.
I will be experimenting with this in the future, and will determine
how well it works. This is a step up from using a fuel pressure
regulator, as it is more precise.
The most successful way of adding fuel to turbo saturns thus far
has been the SDS EIC. That is: The Simple Digital Systems extra
injector controller. www.sdsefi.com. I have used it, Chris used
it, Alex, Tom, Paul, and Eric have all used it. While highly scrutinized
by many never-had-a-turbo people, it has simply been reliable. Again,
it is a somewhat crude, but works. A huge benefit of this system
is that it is completely separate from your stock system. Think
of it this way: Your entire stock fuel system goes on doing its
job as it normally does: It idles just the same, runs just the same
while not under boost and adjusts the a/f ratio for maximum economy
when cruising. The SDS is a system that runs another fuel feed line
to two extra injectors in your intake piping. (You can also get
four extra injectors, one in each intake manifold runner). You weld
two injector bosses into your intake piping before the throttle
body, much like a wet nitrous system. The two extra injectors are
controlled by the SDS, which is boost and rpm referenced. This means
that it sees both boost and RPM, and adds fuel accordingly. You
adjust it by two knobs: One to tell it when to come on (how much
boost before it starts squirting), and the other is how much to
inject. So when your engine goes into boost, it starts to add fuel.
It is very easy to get it tuned on the street, and then can be fine
tuned on the dyno. It is not too precise because you cannot adjust
it at many RPM points. However, benefits are that there is no extra
strain on your stock fuel system, and the car drives just like normal
when you are not in boost.
The last option is a full stand alone fuel system.
I personally like the Haltec system. This is a whole different ball
game, and I do not recommend this for anyone who does not want to
really spend some time getting everything dialed in right. You'll
definitely want to have a shop help you with this!
The turbosaturns.net guys are working on what's call the Megasquirt,
which is a DIY fuel management system. It is not full stand alone
in that it does not control timing. However, it has complete control
over the fuel system. It will allow us to run very large injectors,
and tune completely for boost. Chris and Mike are also in on this,
and big thanks to Canadian Ben for pioneering the subject. More
on this as time goes on.
6. Intercooler.
I very highly recommend an intercooler with your turbo
setup. It will cool off the intake charge greatly. Cooler intake
charge means more power and more detonation resistance. This is
pivotal with an engine not designed for boost. It allows for a buffer
zone against detonation, and more consistency while running repeatedly.
A great intercooler is the Starion intercooler. These can be found
on ebay commonly for not much money. They utilize the same core
as the Lancer Evolution does, so it flows very well and is efficient.
Other options are the ginormous Twistec intercooler, or a custom
spearco.
Mounting a front mount is not too difficult on most saturns. It
will require trimming of some of the plastic baffling, though.
7. Intercooler piping.
The best piping to use is 2" "hot"
and 2.25 inch "cold". The reason for this is the velocity
and air density change as it goes through the intercooler. Piping
can be sourced from JC Whitney, www.jcwhitney.com. Silicon connectors
and clamps can be sourced from www.roadraceengineering.com or www.turbopiping.com.
For clams, the screw type works fine, though the T-bolt camps are
very nice!
8. A blow off valve is necessary.
It relieves pressure in the intake piping created
by the spinning turbo between shifts, where the throttle plate closes.
It is to prevent damage to the turbo from spinning backwards, known
as compressor surge. I like the Turbo XS units, though HKS and Blitz
also make very nice ones. These can be commonly found on Ebay or
other parts places. The vacuum line reference should go to the intake
manifold for an accurate reading.
9. Boost controller.
An electronic boost controller is very nice. It allows
you to run minimal boost for around town driving, and the bump it
up for the occasional street encounter or drag race. However, a
manual controller will work. Be careful, though, as manual boost
controllers are more prone to boost spiking. As far as which controller,
it is mostly preference. I really like my GReddy PRofec A, though
the PRofec B is cheaper and simpler, but works well. The ACV-R is
quite complex, and has some nice features, but costs quite a bit
more.
10. Gauges.
Minimum would be boost and a/f gauges. Any boost gauge
will work. For an a/f gauge, I like the Halmeter in combination
with an o2 sensor from an 89 Escort. It has 3 wires instead of one,
so its heated. The Halmeter is a 30led a/f gauge that is available
from www.racetep.com. The best solution would be a wideband, but
so long as you tune your car on the dyno, the Halmeter is good enough
to simply monitor that everything is ok.
11. Oil feed line.
It should be a -4 an braided stainless line. Earl's
lines are available through Summit Racing. The return line should
be a minimum of -8 an, or even -10 an. It should have no kinks,
and be downhill all the way. You'll have to have a turbo return
line fitting welded into your oil pan. Make sure it is above the
level of the oil!
|
The turbosaturns.net
forum has become one of the best resources for Saturn performance
on the net. Our members are constantly pushing their cars to new
performance levels. So, log in, share your ideas, and help push
your car’s performance to the next level.
Archived Articles
August 2005 TSN will be holding its first ever meet
in Chardon, Ohio. Some of the fastest Saturns in the country will
be attending. Activities will include drag racing, dyno, tech session,
and BBQ. Look for the latest information in the forums.
Different
Racing
Jeff and his team Different Racing have big plans
on breaking into some really low quarter mile times this year. Last
year he posted a 12.40 on a pretty healthy nitrous shot. This year
he has a new turbo setup and some serious determination. Visit his
website for the latest news and information. I expect we'll be seeing
some low 12's from him by the end of the year.
|